View source for Civilisation/List of Reigning Monarchs

== Africa ==
{| class="wikitable"
|Eswatini
|King
|Mswati III
|Mswati III was crowned in 1986 at the age of 18. The House of Dlamini  is the royal house of the Kingdom of Eswatini.
|-
|Lesotho
|King
|Letsie III
|Letsie III succeeded his father, Moshoeshoe II, who was forced into  exile in 1990. His father was briefly restored in 1995 but died in a car  crash in early 1996, and Letsie became king again.
|-
|Morocco
|King
|Mohammed VI
|Mohammed VI belongs to the 'Alawi dynasty and acceded to the throne in 1999,  upon the death of his father, King Hassan II.
|}

== Asia ==
{| class="wikitable"
|Bahrain
|King
|Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
|Hamad has been King of Bahrain since 2002. Bahrain has  been ruled by the Al Khalifa dynasty since 1783.
|-
|Bhutan
|Druk Gyalpo
|Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
|Khesar became king in 2006, after his father  abdicated the throne. In the Dzongkha language, Druk Gyalpo means “Dragon  King”.
|-
|Brunei
|Sultan
|Hassanal Bolkiah
|Hassanal Bolkiah became sultan in 1967, after his  father abdicated the throne. He has also served as the Prime Minister of  Brunei since independence from the United Kingdom in 1984. Following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, he is currently the world's longest-reigning current monarch, as well as the longest-serving current head of state.
|-
|Cambodia
|King
|Norodom Sihamoni
|Sihamoni became King in 2004, following the abdication  of his father, Norodom Sihanouk. Since 1993, the King of Cambodia has been an  elected monarch.
|-
|Japan
|Emperor
|Naruhito
|Naruhito acceded to the Chrysanthemum Throne in 2019,  beginning the Reiwa era, following the abdication of his father, Akihito. Fumihito is the younger brother and heir presumptive of Emperor Naruhito.
|-
|Jordan
|King
|Abdullah II
|Abdullah II ascended to the throne in 1999,  following the death of his father. He is a member of the Hashemite dynasty,  who have been the reigning royal family of Jordan since 1921.
|-
|Kuwait
|Emir
|Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
|Nawaf has been emir since 2000. The emirs of Kuwait  are members of the Al Sabah dynasty.
|-
|Malaysia
|Yang di-Pertuan Agong
|Abdullah
|Abdullah has been king since 2019. Yang di-Pertuan  Agong is the constitutional monarch and head of state, and also unofficially  the King of Malaysia.
|-
|Oman
|Sultan
|Haitham bin Tariq
|Haitham has reigned as Sultan since 2020. House of  Busaid, also known as Al Said dynasty, is the current ruling royal house of  Oman.
|-
|Qatar
|Emir
|Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
|Tamin has been emir since 2013. The emirs are  members of the House of Al Thani.
|-
|Saudi Arabia
|King
|Salman
|Salman has reigned since 2015, and is the 25th son  of Ibn Saud, the founder of Saudi Arabia.
|-
|Thailand
|King
|Vajiralongkorn
|Vajiralongkorn became king in 2016, following the  death of his father Bhumibol Adulyadej. As the tenth monarch of the Chakri  dynasty, he is also styled as Rama X.
|-
|United Arab Emirates
|President
|Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
|Mohamed became president in 2022, He is the third  son of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, who was the first president of the  UAE and the ruler of Abu Dhabi.
|}

== Europe ==
{| class="wikitable"
|Andorra
|Co-Prince

Co-Prince
|Joan-Enric Vives  i Sicília

Emmanuel Macron
|The Bishop of  Urgell and the president of France serve as Andorra's co-princes.
|-
|Belgium
|King
|Philippe
|Philippe  succeeded his father Albert II, who abdicated in 2013.
|-
|Denmark
|Queen
|Margrethe II
|Margrethe II  succeeded her father Frederick IX, who died in 1972. She is Europe's  longest-serving current head of state and only reigning queen. The current  Royal House is a branch of the ducal House of Glucksburg.
|-
|Liechtenstein
|Prince
|Hans-Adam II
|Hans-Adam II has  been Prince of Liechtenstein since 1989.
|-
|Luxembourg
|Grand Duke
|Henri
|Henri has been  Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 2000. He is a first cousin of King Philippe of  Belgium.
|-
|Monaco
|Prince
|Albert II
|Albert II became  prince in 2005 and is the only son of Prince Rainier III and Grace Kelly. The  House of Grimaldi is the current reigning house of the Principality of Monaco.  Albert competed in the bobsleigh at five consecutive Winter Olympics for  Monaco.
|-
|Netherlands
|King
|Willem-Alexander
|Willem-Alexander  succeeded his mother Beatrix, who abdicated in 2013. The House of  Orange-Nassau is the current reigning house of the Netherlands.
|-
|Norway
|King
|Harald V
|Harald V  succeeded his father Olav V, who died in 1991. The current Royal House is a  branch of the ducal House of Glucksburg. Harald represented Norway in sailing  at the 1964, 1968, and 1972 Olympic Games.
|-
|Spain
|King
|Felipe VI
|Felipe VI  succeeded his father Juan Carlos I, who abdicated in 2014. Felipe was Prince  of Asturias from 1977 to 2014.
|-
|Sweden
|King
|Carl XVI Gustav
|Carl XVI Gustav ascended  the throne on the death of his grandfather, Gustaf VI Adolf, in 1973. The  House of Bernadotte has been the royal family of Sweden since its foundation  in 1818.
|-
|United Kingdom
|King
|Charles III
|Charles III acceded  to the British throne upon the death of his mother, Elizabeth II, on 8  September 2022. He is also the king of 14 other Commonwealth realms. Camilla  is Queen Consort. William, Prince of Wales, is the heir apparent.
|-
|Vatican City
|Pope
|Francis
|Pope Francis is  the head of the Catholic Church, the bishop of Rome and sovereign of the  Vatican City State. Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Argentina. Succeeded Benedict  XVI in 2013.
|}

== Oceania ==
{| class="wikitable"
|Tonga
|King
|Tupou VI
|Tupou VI is the  younger brother and successor of the late King George Tupou V, who died in  2012.
|}