Art and Culture/British - Hanoverians 1 - Revision history

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Admin: Created page with "George I (1714 – 1727) By the Act of Settlement (1701) Sophia, Electress of Hanover, a granddaughter of James VI, became heiress to the English throne. After the Act of Uni..."

2021-04-18T16:29:24Z

Created page with "George I (1714 – 1727) By the Act of Settlement (1701) Sophia, Electress of Hanover, a granddaughter of James VI, became heiress to the English throne. After the Act of Uni..."

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 Flanders - a British army under the command of the Duke of York formed part of an Allied army with Hanoverian, Dutch, Hessian, Austrian and Prussian contingents, which faced the French Republican Armée du Nord, the Armée des Ardennes and the Armée de la Moselle. The Allies were unable to advance beyond the French border fortresses and were eventually forced to withdraw by a series of victorious French counter-offensives. The Allies then established a new front in southern Holland and Germany but by spring 1795 the British force had left Dutch territory entirely and was evacuated via Bremen. The campaign exposed many shortcomings in the British army.
-West Indies (1793 – 1798) - the islands of Martinique, Guadeloupe and ports in Haiti were captured in 1794 and 1795 but the British units were almost exterminated by disease. Negro and mulatto insurgent armies in Haiti which had first welcomed the British as allies turned against them. The decimated British troops evacuated Haiti and Guadeloupe, which was never recaptured.
+West Indies (1793 – 1798) - the islands of Martinique, Guadeloupe and ports in Haiti were captured in 1794 and 1795 but the British units were almost exterminated by disease. Black and mulatto insurgent armies in Haiti which had first welcomed the British as allies turned against them. The decimated British troops evacuated Haiti and Guadeloupe, which was never recaptured.
 There were naval mutinies at Spithead and Nore (led by Richard Parker) in 1797.

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-George I (1714 – 1727)
+== George I (1714 – 1727) ==
 By the Act of Settlement (1701) Sophia, Electress of Hanover, a granddaughter of James VI, became heiress to the English throne. After the Act of Union (1707) unified the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, she became heiress to the throne of Kingdom of Great Britain.
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 George I suffered a stroke on the road between Delden and Nordhorn and was taken by carriage to the Prince-Bishop's palace at Osnabrück where he died on 11 June 1727. He was buried in the chapel of Leine Castle but his remains were moved to the chapel at Herrenhausen after World War II.
-George II (1727 – 1760)
+== George II (1727 – 1760) ==
 He married Caroline of Ansbach in 1705.
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 George donated the royal library to the British Museum in 1757, four years after the museum's foundation. He had no interest in reading or in the arts and sciences.
-George III (1760 – 1820)
+== George III (1760 – 1820) ==
 George III was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. Unlike his two predecessors he was born in Britain, spoke English as his first language and never visited Hanover.
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 George III lived for 81 years and 239 days and reigned for 59 years and 96 days: both his life and his reign were longer than those of any of his predecessors. Only Victoria and Elizabeth II have since lived and reigned longer.
-George IV (1820 – 1830)
+== George IV (1820 – 1830) ==
 Prince George he married his cousin Princess Caroline of Brunswick in 1795, at the Chapel Royal, St James's Palace. The marriage was disastrous and they formally separated after the birth of their only child, Princess Charlotte, in 1796, and remained separated thereafter. The Prince of Wales remained attached to Maria Fitzherbert for the rest of his life, despite several periods of estrangement. His other mistresses included Mary Robinson, an actress; Grace Elliott, the divorced wife of a physician; Frances Villiers, Countess of Jersey; Marchioness of Hertford; and the Marchioness Conyngham. He fathered several illegitimate children.
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 George IV was therefore succeeded by another brother, the third son of George III, Prince William, Duke of Clarence, who reigned as William IV.
-William IV (1830 – 1837)
+== William IV (1830 – 1837) ==
 He served in the Royal Navy in his youth and was, both during his reign and afterwards, nicknamed the "Sailor King". He served in North America and the Caribbean, but saw little actual fighting.