Physical World/Mammals - 1 - Revision history

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Admin: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" | |'''Duck-billed platypus''' ''Ornithorhynchus anatinus'' Egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania The male platypus h..."

2021-04-18T22:09:51Z

Created page with "{| class="wikitable" | |'''Duck-billed platypus''' ''Ornithorhynchus anatinus'' Egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania The male platypus h..."

New page

{| class="wikitable"
|
|'''Duck-billed platypus'''

''Ornithorhynchus anatinus''

Egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania

The male platypus has a spur on the hind foot that delivers venom capable of causing severe pain to humans
|-
|
|'''Echidna'''

family Tachyglossidae

The four extant species, together with the platypus, are the only surviving members of the Monotremata order and are the only extant mammals that lay eggs

Also known as spiny anteaters. Baby echidna is called a puggle
|-
|
|'''Pademelon'''

genus ''Thylogale''

Besides their smaller size, pademelons can be distinguished from wallabies by their shorter, thicker, and sparsely haired tails

Usually found in forests
|-
|
|'''Quokka'''

''Setonix brachyurus''

The quokka is herbivorous and mainly nocturnal. Quokkas can be found on some smaller islands off the coast of Western Australia, in particular on Rottnest Island just off Perth. It is about the size of a domestic cat
|-
|
|'''Potoroo'''

genus ''Potorous''

A kangaroo-like marsupial about the size of a rabbit

Gilbert's potoroo is Australia's most endangered animal
|-
|
|'''Virginia opossum'''

''Didelphis virginiana''

The only marsupial found in North America north of Mexico. In the United States, it is typically referred to simply as a possum. It is a solitary and nocturnal animal about the size of a domestic cat.
|-
|
|'''Bilby'''

genus ''Macrotis''

Also known as rabbit-bandicoot

An Australian desert-dwelling marsupial omnivore. Bilbies have a long muzzle and very long ears
|-
|
|'''Bandicoot'''

order Peramelemorphia

Small to medium-sized, terrestrial marsupial omnivores. They are endemic to the Australia–New Guinea region. Name means "pig rat"
|-
|
|'''Tasmanian devil'''

''Sarcophilus harrisii''

The size of a small dog, it became the largest carnivorous marsupial in the world following the extinction of the thylacine in 1936

Now found in the wild only on Tasmania
|-
|
|'''Wombat'''

family Vombatidae

There are three species of wombat – Common, Northern Hairy-nosed and Southern Hairy-nosed

Fatso the Fat-Arsed Wombat was an unofficial mascot of the Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics
|-
|
|'''Koala'''

''Phascolarctos cinereus''

An arboreal herbivorous marsupial. Its closest living relatives are the wombats. Because their eucalypt diet has limited nutritional and caloric content, koalas are largely sedentary and sleep for up to 20 hours a day. Koala is one of the few mammals (other than primates) that have fingerprints. Name means “no drink"
|-
|
|'''Quoll'''

genus ''Dasyurus''

A carnivorous marsupial native to Australia and New Guinea. It has a brown coat with white spots. It is primarily nocturnal
|-
|
|'''Elephant shrew'''

family Macroscelididae

Small insectivorous mammals native to Africa. Name name comes from a fancied resemblance between their long noses and the trunk of an elephant, and an assumed relationship with the shrews

Also known as sengis
|-
|
|'''Tenrec'''

family Tenrecidae

Tenrecs are widely diverse; as a result of convergent evolution they resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums, mice and even otters

Found on Madagascar and in parts of the African mainland
|-
|
|'''Golden mole'''

family Chrysochloridae

Insectivorous burrowing mammals native to southern Africa. The golden moles bear a resemblance to the marsupial moles of Australia
|-
|
|'''Aardvark'''

''Orycteropus afer''

Feeds almost exclusively on ants and termites. The name comes from earlier Afrikaans and means ‘earth pig’. Aardvark is sometimes colloquially called antbear, anteater, or the Cape anteater
|-
|
|'''Hyrax'''

order Hyracoidea

They are often mistaken for rodents, but are more closely related to elephants and manatees. Four species are recognised; the rock hyrax (pictured), the yellow-spotted rock hyrax, the western tree hyrax and the southern tree hyrax
|-
|
|'''Borneo elephant'''

''Elephas maximus''

Also known as the Borneo pygmy elephant

The Sultan of Sulu introduced captive elephants to Borneo in the 18th century, which were released into the jungle
|-
|
|'''Armadillo'''

family Dasypodidae

Some species distinguished by the number of bands on their armour. The giant armadillo grows up to 150 cm, while the pink fairy armadillo has an overall length of up to 15 cm. All species are native to the Americas. Some species roll up into a ball when threatened. The North American nine-banded armadillo tends to jump straight in the air when surprised
|-
|
|'''Giant anteater'''

''Myrmecophaga tridactyla''

Also known as the ant bear

Native to Central and South America. All anteaters have elongated snouts equipped with a thin tongue that can be extended to a length greater than the length of the head; their tube-shaped mouths have lips but no teeth
|-
|
|'''Pika'''

family Ochotonidae

Within the order of lagomorphs, which also includes the Leporidae (rabbits and hares)

It is also known as the "whistling hare" due to its high-pitched alarm call when diving into its burrow
|-
|
|'''Groundhog'''

''Marmota monax''

Also known as a woodchuck, whistle-pig, or land-beaver in some areas It is a rodent of the family Sciuridae, belonging to the group of large ground squirrels known as marmots

Groundhog Day is celebrated on February 2
|-
|
|'''Prairie dog'''

genus ''Cynomys''

They are a type of ground squirrel. Burrowing rodents native to the grasslands of North America

Prairie dogs are named for their habitat and warning call, which sounds similar to a dog's bark
|-
|
|'''Gopher'''

family Geomyidae

Also known as pocket gophers

Gophers live in Central and North America. They are commonly known for their extensive tunneling activities
|-
|
|'''Kangaroo rat'''

genus ''Dipodomys''

The common name derives from their bipedal form. They hop in a manner similar to the much larger kangaroo, although they are not related. Native to North America
|-
|
|'''Baluchistan pygmy jerboa'''

''Salpingotulus michaelis''

Also known as the dwarf three-toed jerboa

Smallest rodent in the world. Adults average only 4.4 cm (1.7 in) in head and body length
|-
|
|'''Norway lemming'''

''Lemmus lemmus''

The Norway lemming has a dramatic three- to four-year population cycle, in which the species' population periodically rises to unsustainable levels, leading to high mortality, which causes the population to crash again

Lemmings do not commit mass suicide when they migrate
|-
|
|'''Mara'''

genus ''Dolichotis''

A genus of the cavy family. These large relatives of guinea pigs are common in the Patagonian steppes of Argentina
|-
|
|'''Capybara'''

''Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris''

The largest living rodent in the world (ahead of the beaver and porcupine). Found wild in much of South America

Very popular with quiz setters. The Billy Fury of Rodentia
|-
|
|'''Paca'''

genus ''Cuniculus''

Ground-dwelling, herbivorous rodents found in South and Central America. They are large rodents with dots and stripes on their sides, short ears, and barely visible tails. Similar to guinea pigs
|-
|
|'''Degu'''

''Octodon degus''

Small rodent endemic to Chile. It is sometimes referred to as the brush-tailed rat

Degus have an intolerance to dietary sugar and are used in diabetes research
|-
|
|'''Common agouti'''

genus ''Dasyprocta''

Native to the Americas. They are related to guinea pigs and look quite similar, but are larger and have longer legs
|-
|
|'''Colugo'''

family Cynocephalidae

Arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia. They are also known as cobegos or flying lemurs, though they are not true lemurs. Of all the gliding mammals, the colugos have the most extensive adaptation to flight. Their gliding membrane, or patagium, is as large as is geometrically possible
|-
|
|'''Slow loris'''

genus ''Nycticebus''

Only venomous primate. The toxin is produced by licking a gland on their arm, and the secretion mixes with its saliva to activate it

The group's closest relatives are the arboreal slender lorises
|-
|
|'''Galago'''

family Galagidae

Also known as the bushbaby

Galagos have large eyes that give them good night vision, strong hind limbs, acute hearing, and long tails that help them balance. Their ears are batlike and allow them to track insects in the dark
|-
|
|'''Potto'''

''Perodicticus potto''

In the same family as the lorises

The potto inhabits the canopy of rain forests in tropical Africa. It is nocturnal and arboreal
|-
|
|'''Ring-tailed lemur'''

''Lemur catta''

The most recognized lemur due to its long, black and white ringed tail. Like all lemurs it is endemic to the island of Madagascar and female dominant
|-
|
|'''Aye-aye'''

''Daubentonia madagascariensis''

A lemur native to Madagascar and the world’s largest nocturnal primate

Aye-ayes tap on the trunks and branches of the trees, and listen to the echo produced to find hollow chambers inside. Once a chamber is found, they chew a hole into the wood and get grubs out of that hole with their narrow and bony middle finger
|-
|
|'''Tarsier'''

genus ''Tarsius''

Tarsiers are small animals with enormous eyes; each eyeball is approximately 16 mm in diameter and is as large as its entire brain

Restricted to several Southeast Asian islands
|}

@@ Line 274: / Line 274: @@
 Lemmings do not commit mass suicide when they  migrate
 |-
+|[[File:Mara.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Mara'''
@@ Line 331: / Line 331: @@
 Arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast  Asia. They are also known as cobegos  or flying lemurs, though they are not  true lemurs. Of all the gliding mammals, the colugos have the most  extensive adaptation to flight. Their gliding membrane, or patagium, is as  large as is geometrically possible
 |-
+|[[File:Slow loris.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Slow loris'''
@@ Line 342: / Line 342: @@
 The group's  closest relatives are the arboreal slender lorises
 |-
+|[[File:Galago.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Galago'''
@@ Line 353: / Line 353: @@
 Galagos have large eyes that give them  good night vision, strong hind limbs, acute hearing, and long tails that help  them balance. Their ears are batlike and allow them to track insects in the  dark
 |-
+|[[File:Potto.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Potto'''
@@ Line 363: / Line 363: @@
 The potto  inhabits the canopy of rain forests in tropical Africa. It is nocturnal and  arboreal
 |-
+|[[File:Ring tailed lemur.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Ring-tailed lemur'''
@@ Line 371: / Line 371: @@
 The most recognized lemur due to its long,  black and white ringed tail. Like all lemurs it is endemic to the  island of Madagascar and female dominant
 |-
+|[[File:Aye-aye.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Aye-aye'''
@@ Line 381: / Line 381: @@
 Aye-ayes tap on the trunks and branches of  the trees, and listen to the echo produced to find hollow chambers inside.  Once a chamber is found, they chew a hole into the wood and get grubs out of  that hole with their narrow and bony middle finger
 |-
+|[[File:Tarsier.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Tarsier'''

@@ Line 160: / Line 160: @@
 Feeds almost exclusively on  ants and termites. The name comes from earlier Afrikaans and means ‘earth  pig’. Aardvark is sometimes  colloquially called antbear, anteater, or the Cape anteater
 |-
+|[[File:Rock hyrax.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Hyrax'''
@@ Line 263: / Line 263: @@
 Smallest rodent in the world. Adults  average only 4.4 cm (1.7 in) in head and body length
 |-
+|[[File:Lemming.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Norway lemming'''
@@ Line 283: / Line 283: @@
 A genus of  the cavy family. These large relatives of guinea pigs are common in the Patagonian  steppes of Argentina
 |-
+|[[File:Capybara.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Capybara'''
@@ Line 293: / Line 293: @@
 Very popular  with quiz setters. The Billy Fury of Rodentia
 |-
+|[[File:Paca.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Paca'''
@@ Line 302: / Line 302: @@
 Ground-dwelling,  herbivorous rodents found in South and Central America. They are large  rodents with dots and stripes on their sides, short ears, and barely visible  tails. Similar to guinea pigs
 |-
+|[[File:Degu.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Degu'''
@@ Line 313: / Line 313: @@
 Degus have an intolerance to dietary sugar  and are used in diabetes research
 |-
+|[[File:Agouti.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Common agouti'''
@@ Line 322: / Line 322: @@
 Native to the Americas. They are related  to guinea pigs and look quite similar, but are larger and have longer legs
 |-
+|[[File:Colugo.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Colugo'''

@@ Line 169: / Line 169: @@
 They are  often mistaken for rodents, but are more closely related to elephants and manatees.  Four species are recognised; the rock hyrax (pictured), the yellow-spotted  rock hyrax, the western tree hyrax and the southern tree hyrax
 |-
+|[[File:Borneo elephant.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Borneo elephant'''
@@ Line 180: / Line 180: @@
 The Sultan of  Sulu introduced captive elephants to Borneo in the 18th century, which were  released into the jungle
 |-
+|[[File:Armadillo.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Armadillo'''
@@ Line 189: / Line 189: @@
 Some species distinguished by the number of bands on their armour. The  giant armadillo grows up to 150 cm, while the pink fairy armadillo has  an overall length of up to 15 cm. All species are native to the Americas.  Some species roll up into a ball when threatened. The North American  nine-banded armadillo tends to jump straight in the air when surprised
 |-
+|[[File:Anteater.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Giant anteater'''
@@ Line 200: / Line 200: @@
 Native to Central  and South America. All anteaters  have elongated snouts equipped with a thin tongue that can be extended to a  length greater than the length of the head; their tube-shaped mouths have  lips but no teeth
 |-
+|[[File:Pika.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Pika'''
@@ Line 211: / Line 211: @@
 It is also  known as the "whistling hare" due to its high-pitched alarm call  when diving into its burrow
 |-
+|[[File:Groundhog.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Groundhog'''
@@ Line 222: / Line 222: @@
 Groundhog Day is celebrated on February 2
 |-
+|[[File:Prairie dog.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Prairie dog'''
@@ Line 232: / Line 232: @@
 Prairie dogs  are named for their habitat and warning call, which sounds similar to a dog's  bark
 |-
+|[[File:Gopher.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Gopher'''
@@ Line 243: / Line 243: @@
 Gophers live in Central and North America. They  are commonly known for their extensive tunneling activities
 |-
+|[[File:Kangaroo rat.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Kangaroo rat'''
@@ Line 252: / Line 252: @@
 The common  name derives from their bipedal form. They hop in a manner similar to the  much larger kangaroo, although they are not related. Native to North America
 |-
+|[[File:Baluchistan pygmy jerboa.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Baluchistan  pygmy jerboa'''

@@ Line 350: / Line 350: @@
 Also known as the bushbaby
 Galagos have large eyes that give them  good night vision, strong hind limbs, acute hearing, and long tails that help  them balance. Their ears are batlike and allow them to track insects in the  dark
@@ Line 361: / Line 360: @@
 In the same family as the lorises
 The potto  inhabits the canopy of rain forests in tropical Africa. It is nocturnal and  arboreal
@@ Line 391: / Line 389: @@
 Tarsiers are  small animals with enormous eyes; each eyeball is approximately 16 mm in  diameter and is as large as its entire brain
 Restricted to  several Southeast Asian islands
 |}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
+|[[File:Platypus.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Duck-billed platypus'''
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 The male platypus  has a spur on the hind foot that delivers venom capable of causing severe  pain to humans
 |-
+|[[File:Echidna.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Echidna'''
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 Also known as  spiny anteaters. Baby echidna is called a puggle
 |-
+|[[File:Pademelon.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Pademelon'''
@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 Usually found in  forests
 |-
+|[[File:Quokka.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Quokka'''
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 The quokka is  herbivorous and mainly nocturnal. Quokkas can be found on some smaller islands  off the coast of Western Australia, in particular on Rottnest Island just off  Perth. It is about the size of a domestic cat
 |-
+|[[File:Potoroo.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Potoroo'''
@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 Gilbert's  potoroo is Australia's most endangered animal
 |-
+|[[File:Opossum.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Virginia opossum'''
@@ Line 62: / Line 62: @@
 The only marsupial  found in North America north of Mexico. In the United States, it is typically  referred to simply as a possum.  It is a solitary and nocturnal animal about the size of a domestic cat.
 |-
+|[[File:Bilby.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Bilby'''
@@ Line 74: / Line 74: @@
 An Australian desert-dwelling  marsupial omnivore. Bilbies have a long muzzle and very long ears
 |-
+|[[File:Bandicoot.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Bandicoot'''
@@ Line 83: / Line 83: @@
 Small to  medium-sized, terrestrial marsupial omnivores. They are endemic to the Australia–New  Guinea region. Name means "pig rat"
 |-
+|[[File:Tasmanian devil.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Tasmanian devil'''
@@ Line 94: / Line 94: @@
 Now found in  the wild only on Tasmania
 |-
+|[[File:Wombat.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Wombat'''
@@ Line 106: / Line 106: @@
 Fatso the Fat-Arsed Wombat was an  unofficial mascot of the Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics
 |-
+|[[File:Koala.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Koala'''