Physical World/Mammals - 2 - Revision history

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Admin: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" | |'''Bonobo''' ''Pan paniscus'' Also known as pygmy chimpanzee. Bonobos are the only non-human animal to have been observed engaging in face-to-face..."

2021-04-18T22:10:38Z

Created page with "{| class="wikitable" | |'''Bonobo''' ''Pan paniscus'' Also known as pygmy chimpanzee. Bonobos are the only non-human animal to have been observed engaging in face-to-face..."

New page

{| class="wikitable"
|
|'''Bonobo'''

''Pan paniscus''

Also known as pygmy chimpanzee. Bonobos are the only non-human animal to have been observed engaging in face-to-face sex and oral sex

Found in the forests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
|-
|
|'''Emperor tamarin'''

''Saguinus imperator''

A species of tamarin allegedly named for its resemblance to the German emperor Wilhelm II

Emperor tamarins typically have twins
|-
|
|'''Howler monkey'''

genus ''Alouatta''

Among the largest of the New World monkeys and one of only a few nest-building monkeys

Famous for their loud howls, which can travel three miles through dense forest, and are caused by an enlarged hyoid bone
|-
|
|'''Spider monkey'''

genus ''Ateles''

Disproportionately long limbs and long prehensile tails make them one of the largest New World monkeys and gives rise to their common name. The hands are long, narrow and hook-like, and have an absence of thumbs
|-
|
|'''Capuchin monkey'''

genus ''Cebus''

Capuchin derives from a group of friars named the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, an offshoot from the Franciscans, who wear brown robes with large hoods covering their heads. When explorers reached the Americas in the 15th century they found monkeys who resembled these friars and named them capuchins
|-
|
|'''Proboscis monkey'''

''Nasalis larvatus''

A reddish-brown arboreal Old World monkey that is endemic to Borneo

The large nose or proboscis of the male can exceed 10 cm in length, and hangs lower than the mouth
|-
|
|'''Japanese macaque'''

''Macaca fuscata''

Sometimes known as the snow monkey because they live in areas where snow covers the ground for months each year – no other monkey is more northern-living, nor lives in a colder climate
|-
|
|'''Mandrill'''

''Mandrillus sphinx''

Its hairless face has an elongated muzzle with distinctive characteristics such as a red stripe down the middle and protruding blue ridges on the sides. The areas around the genitals and the anus are multi-coloured

Mandrills are the world's largest monkeys
|-
|
|'''Gibbon'''

family Hylobatidae

Also called the lesser apes

Gibbons are highly arboreal and bipedal on the ground. They are masters of their primary mode of locomotion, brachiation, swinging from branch to branch
|-
|
|'''Orangutan'''

genus ''Pongo''

The Bornean orangutan (''P. pygmaeus'') and the Sumatran orangutan (''P. abelii'') are the two exclusively Asian species of extant great apes

The word orangutan comes from the Malay language and means 'person of the forest'
|-
|
|'''Common pipistrelle'''

''Pipistrellus pipistrellus''

The name of the genus is derived from the Italian word ''pipistrello'', meaning "bat"

In 1999, the common pipistrelle was split into two species on the basis of different-frequency echolocation calls. The common pipistrelle uses a call of 45 kHz, while the soprano pipistrelle echolocates at 55 kHz
|-
|
|'''Horseshoe bat'''

genus ''Rhinolophus''

All horseshoe bats have leaf-like, horseshoe-shaped protuberances on their noses

They have the most sophisticated echolocation of all bats
|-
|
|'''Common vampire bat'''

''Desmodus rotundus''

Vampire bats are the only known parasitic mammals. The common vampire bat mainly feeds on the blood of livestock. It uses its razor-sharp teeth to cut open the skin of its hosts and laps up their blood with its long tongue
|-
|
|'''Desman'''

tribe Desmanini

A snouted and naked-tailed diving insectivore. It belongs to one of two Eurasian species – Russian, and Pyrenean (pictured) of the mole family, Talpidae
|-
|
|'''Pangolin'''

family Manidae

Also known as the scaly anteater

It has large keratin scales covering its skin. It can curl up into a ball when threatened, with its overlapping scales acting as armour. Pangolins can also emit a noxious-smelling acid
|-
|
|'''Coyote'''

''Canis latrans''

Also known as the American jackal or the prairie wolf. Closest relative is the grey wolf

Coyote is a mythological character common to many Native American cultures
|-
|
|'''Dingo'''

''Canis lupus dingo''

Also known as the warrigal

Subspecies of the grey wolf introduced to Australia 4,000 years ago. largest terrestrial predator in Australia
|-
|
|'''Dhole'''

''Cuon alpinus''

Also known as the Asiatic wild dog, Indian wild dog, or red wolf

In appearance, the dhole has been variously described as combining the physical characteristics of the grey wolf and red fox
|-
|
|'''Samoyed'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

Takes its name from the Samoyedic peoples of Siberia. These nomadic reindeer herders bred the fluffy white dogs to help with the herding, and to pull sleds when they moved
|-
|
|'''Basenji'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

A breed of hunting dog

The Basenji produces an unusual yodel-like sound commonly called a barroo, due to its unusually shaped larynx. This trait also gives the Basenji the nickname "barkless dog"
|-
|
|'''Saluki'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

Also known as the Gazelle Hound, Arabian Hound, and Persian Greyhound. An ancient breed of tall slender dog developed in Arabia and Egypt and having a smooth, silky, variously coloured coat
|-
|
|'''Akita'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

A large breed of dog originating from the mountainous northern regions of Japan. There are two separate varieties of Akita: a ''Japanese'' strain, and an ''American'' strain

Named for Akita Prefecture, where it is thought to have originated
|-
|
|'''Tosa'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

Also known as the Japanese mastiff

It was originally bred in Tosa (present day Kōchi) as a fighting dog and still is today
|-
|
|'''Shar Pei'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

A Chinese breed of dog known for its distinctive features of deep wrinkles and a blue-black tongue
|-
|
|'''Chow Chow'''

''Canis lupis familiaris''

Known as the "Fluffy Lion-dog" in China

Like the Shar Pei, the Chow has a blue-black/purple tongue
|-
|
|'''Spectacled bear'''

''Tremarctos ornatus''

Also known as the Andean bear

The only species of bear native to South America. The name is a reference to the light colouring on its chest, neck and face, which may resemble eyeglasses in some individuals
|-
|
|'''Sun bear'''

''Helarctos malayanus''

Malayan sun bear is also known as the "honey bear", which refers to its voracious appetite for honeycombs and honey. However, "honey bear" can also refer to a kinkajou

The sun bear is the smallest of the bears
|-
|
|'''Giant panda'''

''Ailuropoda melanoleuca''

Name means "black and white cat-foot"

Giant panda's paw has a ‘thumb’ and five fingers; the ‘thumb’ is actually a modified sesamoid bone, which helps the Giant panda to hold bamboo while eating
|-
|
|'''Red panda'''

''Ailurus fulgens''

Also known as lesser panda or red bear-cat

Slightly larger than a domestic cat. It is not closely related to the giant panda
|-
|
|'''Kinkajou'''

''Potos flavus''

Also known as the sugar bear, honey bear, or cat-monkey

Arboreal and nocturnal mammal native to rainforests in Central America and South America
|-
|
|'''Olinguito'''

''Bassaricyon neblina''

Name is Spanish for "little olingo"

Member of the raccoon family, which lives in the Andes

The species was described as new in 2013
|-
|
|'''Ratel'''

''Mellivora capensis''

Also known as the honey badger

It is the most fearless animal in the world. It does not closely resemble other badger species; instead, it bears more anatomical similarities to weasels
|-
|
|'''Wolverine'''

''Gulo gulo''

Also known as the glutton

The largest land-dwelling species of the Mustelidae (the Giant Otter is largest overall)

It has a reputation for ferocity and strength out of proportion to its size, with the ability to kill prey many times larger than itself
|-
|
|'''Clouded leopard'''

''Neofelis nebulosa''

Found in the Himalayan foothills

Distinctly marked with large, irregularly-shaped, dark-edged ellipses which are said to be shaped like clouds, hence both its common and original scientific name
|-
|
|'''Snow leopard'''

''Panthera uncia''

Also known as the ounce

Snow leopards were only reclassified as a member of the Panthera genus (big cats) in 2009
|-
|
|'''Jaguarundi'''

''Puma yagouaroundi''

A small wild cat native to Central and South America

Closely related to the much larger and heavier cougar
|-
|
|'''Asian palm civet'''

''Paradoxurus hermaphroditus''

Also called toddy cat

Kopi Luwak is coffee prepared using coffee beans that have been subjected to ingestion and fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract of the Asian palm civet
|-
|
|'''Common genet'''

''Genetta genetta''

Genets are slender cat-like animals with a long body, a long ringed tail, large ears, a pointed muzzle and partly retractile claws

Indigenous to Africa
|}

@@ Line 296: / Line 296: @@
 Slightly larger than a domestic cat. It  is not closely related to the giant panda
 |-
+|[[File:Kinkajou.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Kinkajou'''
 ''Potos  flavus''
 Also  known as the sugar bear, honey bear, or cat-monkey
 Arboreal and  nocturnal mammal native to rainforests in Central America and South America
 |-
+|[[File:Olinguito.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Olinguito'''
 ''Bassaricyon  neblina''
 Name is Spanish for "little  olingo"
 Member of the  raccoon family, which lives in the Andes
@@ Line 320: / Line 320: @@
 The species was described as new in 2013
 |-
+|[[File:Ratel.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Ratel'''
 ''Mellivora  capensis''
 Also known as the honey badger
 It is the most fearless animal in the  world. It does not closely resemble other badger species; instead, it bears  more anatomical similarities to weasels
 |-
+|[[File:Wolverine.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Wolverine'''
 ''Gulo gulo''
 Also known as the glutton
 The largest land-dwelling species of the  Mustelidae (the Giant Otter is largest overall)
@@ Line 344: / Line 344: @@
 It has a reputation for ferocity  and strength out of proportion to its size, with the ability to kill prey  many times larger than itself
 |-
+|[[File:Clouded leopard.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Clouded leopard'''
 ''Neofelis  nebulosa''
 Found in the Himalayan foothills
 Distinctly marked with large, irregularly-shaped,  dark-edged ellipses which are said to be shaped like clouds, hence both its  common and original scientific name
 |-
+|[[File:Snow leopard.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Snow leopard'''
 ''Panthera uncia''
 Also known as  the ounce
 Snow leopards  were only reclassified as a member of the Panthera genus (big cats) in 2009
 |-
+|[[File:Jaguarundi.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Jaguarundi'''
 ''Puma  yagouaroundi''
 A small wild cat  native to Central and South America
 Closely  related to the much larger and heavier cougar
 |-
+|[[File:Asian palm civet.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Asian palm civet'''
 ''Paradoxurus  hermaphroditus''
 Also called toddy cat
 Kopi Luwak is  coffee prepared using coffee beans that have been subjected to ingestion and  fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract of the Asian palm civet
 |-
+|[[File:Common genet.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Common genet'''
 ''Genetta genetta''
 Genets are  slender cat-like animals with a long body, a long ringed tail, large ears, a  pointed muzzle and partly retractile claws
 Indigenous to Africa
 |}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
+|[[File:Bonobo.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Bonobo'''
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Also known as pygmy chimpanzee. Bonobos are  the only non-human animal to have been observed engaging in face-to-face sex  and oral sex
 Found in the forests of the Democratic  Republic of the Congo
 |-
+|[[File:Emperor tamarin.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Emperor tamarin'''
@@ Line 19: / Line 18: @@
 A species of tamarin allegedly named for  its resemblance to the German emperor Wilhelm II
 Emperor tamarins typically have twins
 |-
+|[[File:Howler monkey.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Howler monkey'''
@@ Line 31: / Line 29: @@
 Among the  largest of the New World monkeys and one of only a few nest-building monkeys
 Famous for  their loud howls, which can travel three miles through dense forest, and are caused by an enlarged hyoid bone
 |-
+|[[File:Spider monkey.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Spider monkey'''
@@ Line 44: / Line 41: @@
 Disproportionately  long limbs and long prehensile tails make them one of the largest New World  monkeys and gives rise to their common name. The hands are long, narrow and hook-like, and have an absence of  thumbs
 |-
+|[[File:Capuchin monkey.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Capuchin monkey'''
@@ Line 60: / Line 57: @@
 A  reddish-brown arboreal Old World monkey that is endemic to Borneo
 The large  nose or proboscis of the male can exceed 10 cm in length, and hangs  lower than the mouth
 |-
+|[[File:Japanese macaque.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Japanese macaque'''
@@ Line 72: / Line 68: @@
 Sometimes  known as the snow monkey  because they live in areas where snow covers the ground for months each year –  no other monkey is more northern-living, nor lives in a colder climate
 |-
+|[[File:Mandrill.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Mandrill'''
@@ Line 82: / Line 78: @@
 Mandrills are  the world's largest monkeys
 |-
+|[[File:Gibbon.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Gibbon'''
 family Hylobatidae
 Also called  the lesser apes
 Gibbons are highly arboreal and bipedal on the  ground. They are masters of their primary mode of locomotion, brachiation,  swinging from branch to branch
 |-
+|[[File:Orangutan.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Orangutan'''
@@ Line 101: / Line 96: @@
 The Bornean  orangutan (''P. pygmaeus'') and the Sumatran orangutan (''P. abelii'')  are the two exclusively Asian species of extant great apes
 The word  orangutan comes from the Malay language and means 'person of the forest'
 |-
+|[[File:Common pipistrelle.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Common pipistrelle'''
 ''Pipistrellus pipistrellus''
 The name of  the genus is derived from the Italian word ''pipistrello'', meaning  "bat"
 In 1999, the common pipistrelle was split  into two species on the basis of different-frequency echolocation calls. The  common pipistrelle uses a call of 45 kHz, while the soprano pipistrelle  echolocates at 55 kHz
 |-
+|[[File:Horseshoe bat.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Horseshoe bat'''
 genus ''Rhinolophus''
 All horseshoe  bats have leaf-like, horseshoe-shaped protuberances on their noses
 They have the most sophisticated  echolocation of all bats
 |-
+|[[File:Common vampire bat.jpg|none|thumb]]
 |'''Common vampire bat'''