Civilisation/List of Reigning Monarchs

Africa

Eswatini	King	Mswati III	Mswati III was crowned in 1986 at the age of 18. The House of Dlamini is the royal house of the Kingdom of Eswatini.
Lesotho	King	Letsie III	Letsie III succeeded his father, Moshoeshoe II, who was forced into exile in 1990. His father was briefly restored in 1995 but died in a car crash in early 1996, and Letsie became king again.
Morocco	King	Mohammed VI	Mohammed VI belongs to the 'Alawi dynasty and acceded to the throne in 1999, upon the death of his father, King Hassan II.

Asia

Bahrain	King	Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa	Hamad has been King of Bahrain since 2002. Bahrain has been ruled by the Al Khalifa dynasty since 1783.
Bhutan	Druk Gyalpo	Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck	Khesar became king in 2006, after his father abdicated the throne. In the Dzongkha language, Druk Gyalpo means “Dragon King”.
Brunei	Sultan	Hassanal Bolkiah	Hassanal Bolkiah became sultan in 1967, after his father abdicated the throne. He has also served as the Prime Minister of Brunei since independence from the United Kingdom in 1984. Following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, he is currently the world's longest-reigning current monarch, as well as the longest-serving current head of state.
Cambodia	King	Norodom Sihamoni	Sihamoni became King in 2004, following the abdication of his father, Norodom Sihanouk. Since 1993, the King of Cambodia has been an elected monarch.
Japan	Emperor	Naruhito	Naruhito acceded to the Chrysanthemum Throne in 2019, beginning the Reiwa era, following the abdication of his father, Akihito. Fumihito is the younger brother and heir presumptive of Emperor Naruhito.
Jordan	King	Abdullah II	Abdullah II ascended to the throne in 1999, following the death of his father. He is a member of the Hashemite dynasty, who have been the reigning royal family of Jordan since 1921.
Kuwait	Emir	Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah	Mishal has been emir since 2023. The emirs of Kuwait are members of the Al Sabah dynasty.
Malaysia	Yang di-Pertuan Agong	Ibrahim	Ibrahim has been king since 2024. Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the constitutional monarch and head of state, and also unofficially the King of Malaysia.
Oman	Sultan	Haitham bin Tariq	Haitham has reigned as Sultan since 2020. House of Busaid, also known as Al Said dynasty, is the current ruling royal house of Oman.
Qatar	Emir	Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani	Tamin has been emir since 2013. The emirs are members of the House of Al Thani.
Saudi Arabia	King	Salman	Salman has reigned since 2015, and is the 25th son of Ibn Saud, the founder of Saudi Arabia.
Thailand	King	Vajiralongkorn	Vajiralongkorn became king in 2016, following the death of his father Bhumibol Adulyadej. As the tenth monarch of the Chakri dynasty, he is also styled as Rama X.
United Arab Emirates	President	Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan	Mohamed became president in 2022, He is the third son of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, who was the first president of the UAE and the ruler of Abu Dhabi.

Europe

Andorra	Co-Prince Co-Prince	Joan-Enric Vives i Sicília Emmanuel Macron	The Bishop of Urgell and the president of France serve as Andorra's co-princes.
Belgium	King	Philippe	Philippe succeeded his father Albert II, who abdicated in 2013.
Denmark	King	Frederik X	Frederik X succeeded his mother Margrethe II, who abdicated in 2024. The current Royal House is a branch of the ducal House of Glucksburg.
Liechtenstein	Prince	Hans-Adam II	Hans-Adam II has been Prince of Liechtenstein since 1989.
Luxembourg	Grand Duke	Henri	Henri has been Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 2000. He is a first cousin of King Philippe of Belgium.
Monaco	Prince	Albert II	Albert II became prince in 2005 and is the only son of Prince Rainier III and Grace Kelly. The House of Grimaldi is the current reigning house of the Principality of Monaco. Albert competed in the bobsleigh at five consecutive Winter Olympics for Monaco.
Netherlands	King	Willem-Alexander	Willem-Alexander succeeded his mother Beatrix, who abdicated in 2013. The House of Orange-Nassau is the current reigning house of the Netherlands.
Norway	King	Harald V	Harald V succeeded his father Olav V, who died in 1991. The current Royal House is a branch of the ducal House of Glucksburg. Harald represented Norway in sailing at the 1964, 1968, and 1972 Olympic Games.
Spain	King	Felipe VI	Felipe VI succeeded his father Juan Carlos I, who abdicated in 2014. Felipe was Prince of Asturias from 1977 to 2014.
Sweden	King	Carl XVI Gustav	Carl XVI Gustav ascended the throne on the death of his grandfather, Gustaf VI Adolf, in 1973. The House of Bernadotte has been the royal family of Sweden since its foundation in 1818.
United Kingdom	King	Charles III	Charles III acceded to the British throne upon the death of his mother, Elizabeth II, on 8 September 2022. He is also the king of 14 other Commonwealth realms. Camilla is Queen Consort. William, Prince of Wales, is the heir apparent.
Vatican City	Pope	Francis	Pope Francis is the head of the Catholic Church, the bishop of Rome and sovereign of the Vatican City State. Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Argentina. Succeeded Benedict XVI in 2013.

Oceania

Tonga

King

Tupou VI

Tupou VI is the younger brother and successor of the late King George Tupou V, who died in 2012.