Physical World/Mammals - 3

	Caracal Caracal caracal Sometimes called the desert lynx or African lynx, but it is not a member of the Lynx genus The most distinctive feature of the caracal is the long black tufts on the back of the ears
	Bobcat Lynx rufus Ranges from southern Canada to central Mexico It has distinctive black bars on its forelegs and a black-tipped, stubby tail, from which it derives its name
	Ocelot Leopardus pardalis Also known as the dwarf leopard Distributed extensively within South America Similar in appearance to a domestic cat. Its fur resembles that of a clouded leopard or jaguar
	Margay Leopardus wiedii Also known as the tree ocelot Similar to the larger ocelot in appearance, although the head is a little shorter, the eyes larger, and the tail and legs longer
	Serval Leptailurus serval A medium-sized African wild cat native to sub-Saharan Africa Servals have the longest legs of any cat, relative to their body size
	Aardwolf Proteles cristata A small, insectivorous hyena-like mammal, native to Eastern and Southern Africa Second animal in the dictionary, after aardvark
	Fossa Cryptoprocta ferox A cat-like, carnivorous mammal endemic to Madagascar. Resembles a small cougar The largest mammalian carnivore on the island of Madagascar
	Meerkat Suricata suricatta Meerkats are members of the mongoose family native to Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa Meerkats forage in a group with one "sentry" on guard watching for predators while the others search for food and "Compare The Market”
	Tapir genus Tapirus Brazilian, Malayan, Mountain, Baird's – species of tapir Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South America, Central America, and Southeastern Asia
	Przewalski's Horse Equus ferus przewalskii Native to the steppes of central Asia, notably Mongolia The horse is named after the Russian colonel Nikolai Przhevalsky (the name is of Polish origin and "Przewalski" is the Polish spelling), who first described the horse in 1881
	Onager Equus hemionus Also known as hemione or Asiatic wild ass Onagers have never been domesticated. They are among the fastest mammals There is a Roman siege engine called an onager
	Peccary family Tayassuidae (New World pigs) Also known as skunk pig Native to the Americas
	Chevrotain family Tragulidae Also known as mouse-deer Chevrotain is French for "little goat" Java mouse-deer is world’s smallest hoofed mammal
	Pudu genus Pudu Northern, southern – species of pudu Inhabits temperate rainforests in South America The world's smallest deer
	Muntjac genus Muntiacus Also known as barking deer Muntjacs are the oldest known deer. The present-day species are native to South Asia A large feral population of muntjacs exists in England
	Père David's deer Elaphurus davidianus Native to the subtropics of China First made known to Western science in the 19th century, by Father Armand David, a French missionary working in China. The current world population, now found in zoos around the world, stems from a herd at Woburn Abbey nurtured by the 11th Duke of Bedford
	Pronghorn Antilocapra americana Though not an antelope, it is often known colloquially in North America as the prong buck or pronghorn antelope Fastest land mammal in the Western Hemisphere
	Gaur Bos gaurus Also known as Indian bison Largest extant bovine, native to South Asia and Southeast Asia
	Muskox Ovibos moschatus Arctic mammal of the family Bovidae noted for its thick coat and for the strong odour emitted during the seasonal rut by males, from which its name derives
	Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra A goat-antelope species native to mountains in Europe. The chamois has also been introduced to the South Island of New Zealand Chamois leather is traditionally made from the hide of the chamois
	Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus Largest Asian antelope Found throughout most of India Mature male appears ox-like and is also known as the blue bull
	Bongo Tragelaphus eurycerus Large African forest antelope Bongos are characterised by a striking reddish-brown coat, black and white markings, white-yellow stripes and long slightly spiraled horns
	Grey rhebok Pelea capreolus Antelope endemic to Southern Africa The Afrikaans/Dutch spelling of the species, reebok, lends its name to the sportswear manufacturing company
	Wildebeest genus Connochaetes Two species, both native to Africa: the black wildebeest, or white-tailed gnu; and the blue wildebeest, or brindled gnu Blue wildebeest are known for their long distance migrations
	Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus Small species of African antelope Klipspringer means "rock jumper" in Afrikaans They are around 1.5 m tall and can jump 10 times their own body height
	Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis Tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant Heart of a giraffe has to generate around double the normal blood pressure for a large mammal in order to maintain blood flow to the brain against gravity. Giraffe has seven neck (cervical) vertebrae, the same as a human
	Okapi Okapia johnstoni The okapi and the giraffe are the only living members of the family Giraffidae Named in recognition of the British Governor of Uganda, Sir Harry Johnston, who first acquired an okapi specimen for science
	Alpaca Vicugna pacos A domesticated species of South American camelid. It resembles a small llama in appearance Alpaca fleece is a lustrous and silky natural fibre
	Vicuna Vicugna vicugna Believed to be the wild ancestor of domesticated alpacas Vicunas produce small amounts of extremely fine wool, which is very expensive Vicuna is smaller than the guanaco
	Guanaco Lama guanicoe Native to the arid, mountainous regions of South America The guanaco's soft wool is valued second only to that of the vicuna
	Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus At 30 metres in length and 180 tonnes in weight, it is the largest extant animal and is the heaviest known to have existed Herman Melville called the blue whale "sulphur-bottom" in Moby-Dick
	Bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus Also known as the Greenland right whale or Arctic whale Does not have a dorsal fin. Named after its arching lower jaw. Its baleen is the longest of any whale at 3 metres
	Narwhal Monodon monoceros Toothed whale that possesses a large "tusk" from a protruding canine tooth. Narwhal tusks were believed to be the horns from the legendary unicorn It lives year-round in the Arctic waters
	Beluga whale Delphinapterus leucas Also known as white whale, or sea canary due to its high-pitched twitter Lives in the Arctic. It is entirely white as an adult
	Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Also known as cachelot The largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It has the largest brain of any animal The head of the whale contains a liquid wax called spermaceti, from which the whale derives its name
	Killer whale Orcinus orca Also known as orca, blackfish, or grampus A toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member
	Vacuita Phocoena sinus A rare species of porpoise endemic to the Gulf of California. Smallest cetacean Porpoises are small toothed whales that are closely related to oceanic dolphins
	Elephant seal genus Mirounga Two species – northern and southern Elephant seals take their name from the large proboscis of the adult male, which resembles an elephant's trunk. Southern elephant seal bulls typically reach a length of 4.9 metres and a weight of 3,000 kg
	Dugong Dugong dugon Dugong, together with the manatees, is one of four living species of the order Sirenia It has a fusiform body (tapered at both the head and the tail). Dugong is distinguished from the manatees by its fluked, dolphin-like tail, but also possesses a unique skull and teeth
	Manatee genus Trichecus Also known as sea cows Three species – Amazonian, West Indian, and West African Manatees have a paddle-shaped tail